The urea breath test (UBT) is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria in the stomach. H. pylori is a common bacteria that can cause various gastrointestinal disorders such as ulcers and inflammation of the stomach lining. This test helps in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.
When this test is required
The UBT is requested when someone has symptoms of H. pylori infection or when a doctor suspects that a patient may have the infection.
What the Test Detects
The UBT measures the amount of carbon dioxide in a patient’s breath. H. pylori bacteria break down the urea solution into carbon dioxide and ammonia. The carbon dioxide produced is absorbed into the bloodstream and eventually exhaled in the breath.
Preparation for the Test
Before the test, the patient may need to fast for a few hours. They may also be asked to avoid certain medications, such as antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, which can interfere with the accuracy of the test.
Sample Requirements
For this test, a patient needs to drink a solution containing urea, which is then broken down by H. pylori into carbon dioxide. The patient will then exhale into a special bag or tube, and a sample of their breath will be collected.
Additional Notes
The UBT is a safe and reliable test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. It does not require a blood sample or endoscopy, which makes it a more convenient option for patients. However, it is important to follow the preparation instructions carefully to ensure the accuracy of the test.
