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Broncho Alveolar Lavage for Fungus Stain/Fungal Smear (KOH)

Specimen Required

Broncho Alveolar

Fasting Required

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Purpose of the Test

The test is ordered to diagnose fungal infections of the lungs or airways, such as aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, and blastomycosis.

When this test is required

The test is requested when a healthcare provider suspects a fungal infection in a patient based on their signs and symptoms, medical history, and physical examination. Some of the common symptoms of a fungal infection in the lungs include cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, fever, and fatigue.

What the Test Detects

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for Fungus Stain/Fungal Smear (KOH) is a microscopic examination that looks for the presence of fungi in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained by washing the bronchoalveolar space. The test involves staining the sample with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and then examining it under a microscope to identify the presence of fungal elements.

Preparation for the Test

Before the test, the patient may be asked to fast for a certain period of time to avoid the risk of vomiting during the procedure. The patient should also inform the healthcare provider about any medications they are taking, especially blood thinners, as these may increase the risk of bleeding during the procedure. The patient may also need to stop taking certain medications, such as inhalers or nebulizers, for a certain period of time before the test. It is important to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions regarding any medication or dietary restrictions before the test.

Sample Requirements

For this test, a sample of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is required, which is obtained by washing the bronchoalveolar space with a saline solution. The sample is then collected and sent to the laboratory for testing.

Additional Notes

The bronchoalveolar lavage procedure is generally safe, but there is a risk of complications, such as bleeding or infection. The healthcare provider should be informed if the patient has any allergies, bleeding disorders, or lung conditions, as these may increase the risk of complications. The patient may also experience some discomfort during or after the procedure, such as coughing, throat irritation, or shortness of breath. It is important to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions regarding any medication or dietary restrictions before the test. It is also important to note that a negative test result does not necessarily mean that there is no fungal infection present. This is because the presence of fungi may not always be detected in a sample, particularly in cases where the fungal elements are low in concentration or the sample was not collected properly. In some cases, a follow-up test may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.