The AFB Smear/ZN Stain is used to diagnose TB or other related bacterial infections, such as leprosy. The test is also used to monitor the effectiveness of treatment for these infections.
When this test is required
The test may be requested when a farmer or veterinarian suspects that a cow may have TB or other related bacterial infections. This suspicion may be based on clinical signs such as a persistent cough, weight loss, or abnormal milk production. The test may also be requested as part of a routine screening program to detect TB or other bacterial infections in a herd of dairy cows.
What the Test Detects
The AFB Smear/ZN Stain test is used to detect the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in a sample of milk. AFB are bacteria that have a waxy cell wall that makes them difficult to stain with standard laboratory techniques. The Ziehl-Neelsen stain is used to make AFB visible under the microscope.
Preparation for the Test
To prepare for an AFB Smear/ZN Stain, a person may be asked to provide several samples of sputum over a few days. They may also be asked to avoid eating or drinking for a period of time before providing a sample. It is important to follow any instructions given by the healthcare provider to ensure accurate test results.
Sample Requirements
The sample required for an AFB Smear/ZN Stain is usually sputum, which is a mixture of saliva and mucus that is coughed up from the lungs. Other samples that may be tested include urine, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid.
Additional Notes
If a cow tests positive for TB or other related bacterial infections, it may need to be removed from the herd and treated with antibiotics. Milk from infected cows should not be consumed as it may contain harmful bacteria. It is important to work with a veterinarian to manage and control these types of infections in a herd.
