This test is ordered when a person has symptoms of a central nervous system (CNS) infection, such as meningitis or encephalitis, and there is a suspicion of a mycobacterial infection.
When this test is required
This test is ordered when a person has symptoms of a CNS infection, such as fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and altered mental status, and there is a suspicion of a mycobacterial infection.
What the Test Detects
This test detects the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining method.
Preparation for the Test
No specific preparation is required for this test.
Sample Requirements
This test requires a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected through a lumbar puncture.
Additional Notes
Mycobacterial infections in the CNS are rare but serious conditions that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to achieving a good outcome. A positive result on the AFB smear/ZN stain test should be followed up with further testing to confirm the diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.
