Anti-Parietal Cells Antibodies

Specimen Required

3-5cc Clotted Blood or Serum

Fasting Required

Purpose of the Test

Anti-parietal cell antibodies (APCA) test is ordered to evaluate the possibility of autoimmune gastritis, a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the parietal cells in the stomach lining that produce hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. APCA test is also used to help diagnose pernicious anemia, a type of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. Symptoms of autoimmune gastritis may include abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and anemia.

When this test is required

The APCA test may be requested when a patient has anemia or vitamin B12 deficiency, and other tests, such as a CBC and peripheral smear, have been ordered. It may also be ordered when a patient has a family history of autoimmune disorders.

What the Test Detects

The APCA test measures the presence and quantity of antibodies against the parietal cells in the stomach lining.

Preparation for the Test

No special preparation is needed for the APCA test.

Sample Requirements

A blood sample is required for the APCA test.

Additional Notes

Positive results for APCA may indicate the presence of autoimmune gastritis or pernicious anemia, while negative results do not necessarily rule out these conditions.

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